Friday, December 30, 2016

Average IQ of India:-



  Here, I present IQ studies on India at 45 different locations. 


IQ of Chennai, Tamil Nadu:-


Study 1:-


IQ of 107 as a community sample. 4 zones in Chennai and 12 schools were selected randomly. Sample size of 717. 606 children belonged to families with less than 6500 INR monthly income. And 130 had illiterate mothers. If anything, the selection bias towards socio-economic status is downward.

Study 2:-


IQ of children was found to be 102. And 95 for those having high lead in blood level.
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IQ in Chandigarh, Punjab:-



Average IQ is 99. 5 private schools and 5 government schools were randomly selected out of 37 schools. And sample size is 2400.

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IQ in 2 rural and 2 urban areas of Punjab:-



IQ in 2 rural areas is 96.2, 90.4. And 2 urban areas is 102, 106. IQ grades are available (0 to 10th percentile, etc.) and online statistical tool is required to read.

Rural areas are in Dera Bassi and Tehsil Kharar. Urban areas is in Fatehgarh Saheb. And Tehsil Kharar.

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IQ of Delhi:-


Study 1:-


IQ of kids of slum dwellers in New Delhi living in plot area is 92.4. And shanty houses/homeless is 89.4.

IQ of kids who have attended schools is 96.7 (plot area) and 93.2 (shady houses)

Study 2:-


IQ of 76.2 in Najafgarh (rural area of Delhi) and 85.2 in Defense Colony (slightly urban area). Government school were selected in both areas.

76 IQ in high fluoride region and has to be taken with precaution.

Study 3:-

Cited by Lynn:-


Page 60:-
Row 3 gives an IQ of 93 for 14-year-old students at St. Xavier's School in Delhi.

Study 4:-


In the above IQ sample, average full scale IQ was found to be 90.6.

However 36/50 were from rural areas and 14/50 from urban areas.


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IQ in Andhra Pradesh (rural):-


“Effect of fluoride exposure on Intelligence Quotient {IQ) among 13-15 year old school children of known endemic area of fluorosis, Nalgonda District, Andhra Pradesh.” KM Sudhir, Journal of Indian Association of Public Health Dentistry Year : 2009 | Volume : 7 | Issue : 13 | Page : 88-94


IQ in 4 villages in Andhra Pradesh is 88.7, 84.5, 84.5, 80.

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IQ in West Bengal:-


Study 1 (rural):-


IQ in Villages in Laxmisagar Village was 108.3 in normal regions and 85–92 in fluoride contaminated areas.

Study 2 (rural):-


Average IQ in 3 Government schools was 88.4


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IQ of Karnataka (rural):-





IQ of 2 villages is 86, 88.

IQ of villages near Mysore is 80, 86, 88.

IQ of village in Bagalkot is 76.36.

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IQ of Kolkata:-


Study 1 (Lynn's sample):-


“Compared scores of 2 geographically separated Bengali-speaking groups of schoolchildren, grades IX-XI, on Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices. 2,836 Ss from Calcutta and 2,100 Ss from Agartala were tested. Ss from Calcutta were superior to those from Agartala by an average of 7 points.”

Lynn reports this as IQ of 83. However, IQ of Calcutta was 87 and Agartala (Burmese/Tibetans/Chinese inhabited area) show IQ of 80. As shown above.

Study 2:-


Average IQ in 81–90 range (10th and 25th percentile for British).

57.95% undernourished kids in the sample (downward sampling of population). 21.5% kids had IQ above 120.


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IQ in Uttar Pradesh:-


 Study 1 (rural):

 http://www.jcdr.net/article_fulltext.asp?issn=0973-709x&year=2015&month=November&volume=9&issue=11&page=ZC10&id=6726

 IQ of 110 in village Tiwariganj, Lucknow and 85–92 in village, Unnao district of UP.

 85-92 is in high fluoride region.

CPM scores are mentioned. And is normalized to 110 IQ at 29 mean CPM score.
Mean age of participant was 9 as mentioned in the sample.

I will use normalization data for Australia:-

http://docslide.us/download/link/a-normative-and-reliability-study-for-the-ravens-coloured-progressive-matrices 
Average CPM score for kids in Australia in 2003 matched for same aged group shows 27 mean and 30 at 75 percentile. So, the data is well normalized as per Australian 2003 norms.   

Study 2(urban):

 http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/44025

 IQ of Muslims in Aligarh city, Uttar Pradesh (Average IQ of 107)

 Source: “Badaruddoza. Inbreeding effects on metrical phenotypes among North Indian Children. Collegicum Antropologicum 28(Suppl. 2): 311-318. (ISSN No. 0350-6134.”
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IQ of Gujarat rural:-



 http://fluoridealert.org/wp-content/uploads/trivedi-20124.pdf

 http://www.fluoridealert.org/wp-content/uploads/trivedi-2007.pdf

 IQ in 6 villages of Gujarat is 97 (optimum environment) and 92 (un-optimum conditions).

 IQ of villages near Ahmedabad is 104.

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IQ in Maharashtra (Pune):-



 http://www.indianpediatrics.net/feb2004/feb-121-128.htm

 86.1 for low birth weight, 92.1 for medium birth weight and 97.2 for normal birth weight.

 https://www.indianpediatrics.net/july1999/july-669-676.htm

 IQ of control group was 101.38. And LBW was 94.

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IQ of Madhya Pradesh (rural):-



 http://www.ruralneuropractice.com/article.asp?issn=0976-3147&year=2012&volume=3&issue=2&spage=144&epage=149&aulast=Saxena

 IQ of villages near Bhopal is 98.5.

 IQ of remaining 3 high fluoride villages in Madhya Pradesh is 83.6, 87 and 91.6.

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IQ of Rajasthan (rural):-


 http://fluoridealert.org/wp-content/uploads/singh-2013.pdf

 IQ of villages near Jaipur is 93.31 and near Dausa is 84.48.

 Study 2 (Lynn's sample, Agartala and Sinha 1984):-

 http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF01068128

 IQ of Muslims in government schools near Jaipur is 81 (non-inbred).

 Lynn cited this as average IQ of 78. A combination of inbred and outbred Muslims.

Muslims not practicing inbreeding show 81 IQ.

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IQ of Bihar:-


Lynn's sample:-


Average IQ is 93 suburbs, 79 rural.
And 79 suburbs, 69 rural for inbred muslims.

Lynn reports this as 79 average IQ. However, Muslims not practicing inbreeding show IQ of 85.

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A table with details is presented below. And it contains IQ data, date of publication, norms used, test conducted, location, etc.






Many of the IQ samples have been standardized on old norms. Like IQ in Chennai is published in 2013, measured in 2005. And standardized on Binet-Kamath scale of 1967 which measures IQ with respect to British 1967 kids. 

To remove bias of standardization on old norms, I present the following table:-

Where date of measurement is not given, I have used date of publication as date of measurement. One location of IQ measurement represents one row in the table below.
Flynn effect is used as 2.25 based on 
http://eyeonsociety.co.uk/resources/RPMChangeAndStability.pdf

Changes of RPM scores in UK. As IQ data is on people with less than 20 years age, Figure 3 is used. IQ changed from 1938 to 1979 as "50 th percentile of 1979 was equivalent to 70 th percentile of 1938".
Location          IQ (old            norms)    Measurement            Year of            norms               Diff     Flynn             IQ (new             norms)
Punjab 90.28 2016 1979 37 2.25 81.955
Punjab 96.43 2016 1979 37 2.25 88.105
Punjab 102.33 2016 1979 37 2.25 94.005
Punjab 106.34 2016 1979 37 2.25 98.015
Chandigarh 99.31 2008 1960 48 2.25 88.51
Delhi 76.2 2015 1998 17 2.25 72.375
Delhi 85.8 2015 1998 17 2.25 81.975
Delhi 92.5 1999 1986 13 2.25 89.575
Delhi 89.4 1999 1986 13 2.25 86.475
Delhi 90.4 2016 1969 47 2.25 79.825
UP 107.42 2004 1974 30 2.25 100.67
UP 110.1 2015 1998 17 NA 110.1
UP 90 2015 1998 17 NA 90
Gujarat 97.17 2012 1989 23 2.25 91.995
Gujarat 92.53 2012 1989 23 2.25 87.355
Gujarat 104.44 2007 1989 18 2.25 100.39
Gujarat 91.72 2007 1989 18 2.25 87.67
Karnataka 88.8 2011 1977 34 2.25 81.15
Karnataka 86.3 2011 1977 34 2.25 78.65
Karnataka 86.37 2015 1998 17 2.25 82.545
Karnataka 88.6 2015 1998 17 2.25 84.775
Karnataka 80.49 2015 1998 17 2.25 76.665
Karnataka 76 2011 2004 7 2.25 74.425
Karnataka 66 2011 2004 7 2.25 64.425
AP 88.7 2009 1992 17 2.25 84.875
AP 84.5 2009 1992 17 2.25 80.675
AP 84.5 2009 1992 17 2.25 80.675
AP 80 2009 1992 17 2.25 76.175
MP 98.5 2012 1992 20 2.25 94
MP 91.6 2012 1992 20 2.25 87.1
MP 87 2012 1992 20 2.25 82.5
MP 83.6 2012 1992 20 2.25 79.1
Rajasthan 81 1984 1977 7 2.25 79.425
Rajasthan 93.3 2013 1992 21 2.25 88.575
Rajasthan 84.48 2013 1992 21 2.25 79.755
West Bengal 106 2015 1989 26 2.25 100.15
West Bengal 90 2015 1989 26 2.25 84.15
West Bengal 88.8 2014 2003 11 2.25 86.325
Chennai 107 2006 1967 39 2.25 98.225
Chennai 102 2013 1973 40 2.25 93
Pune 97 2000 1973 27 2.25 90.925
Pune 101.38 1994 1960 34 2.25 93.73


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The average IQ at 42 locations of India is 86.41 IQ. With 9/42 IQ samples done in urban areas like Chennai. Note that Delhi is considered as rural area in below calculations as IQ data used for Delhi is in slum area of Delhi, or Nazafgarh (a village outside Delhi) and a hospital where 72% admits where rural.

IQ of urban areas of India based on the IQ data available is: 93 IQ.
IQ of rural areas of India based on the IQ data available is: 85 IQ.

India is 30% urban and 70% rural.

Calculating on urban/rural divide of India, average IQ of India is 87.4 IQ.

As many of the data-set is on fluoride IQ studies on India, IQ of Fluoride free regions is also desired.

IQ of fluoride free regions of India based on IQ data available is 88.73 IQ.

Studies showing mal-nourishment and IQ,



This is the only study showing mal-nourishment effects on IQ.

IQ of malnourished kids is 10 points below at 83 IQ v/s healthy kids having same socio-economic status is 93 IQ.

India faces 40% mal-nourishment. So, average IQ of 40% of India's population is down by 10 IQ points.

Which will put average IQ of India down by 4 IQ points due to mal-nourishment.

So, a combined effect of fluoride and mal-nourishment is bringing IQ of India down by 7 IQ points.

I conclude that average IQ of India will be 94 IQ on removal of fluoride and mal-nourishment from a current estimate of 87 IQ based on rural/urban IQ analysis on India.

For any further improvements, India may have to switch to meat based diets, putting itself at par with Europe on iodine consumption status which will put India at par with Europe or mid-East on average IQ (97).

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IQ of India by caste:-



There is no major differences between Indian castes and IQ results.

https://books.google.co.in/books?id=9tZ4AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA16&lpg=PA16&dq=chopra+iq+difference+between+castes&source=bl&ots=mUJt4iGaiY&sig=K5__8u3gFJA4AG6yXxjnwnzm4Xk&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjUm83W_MbQAhUEQI8KHW--DpEQ6AEIOjAC#v=onepage&q=chopra%20iq%20difference%20between%20castes&f=false


Page 16.

This book covers several IQ samples of India by caste.

There is no major differences between Indian castes. As per IQ tests done.

On non-verbal IQ tests (Raven’s Progressive Matrices), there are no significant differences among Indian castes.

As it is observed via IQ testing that Vaishyas have higher non-verbal IQ than Kshatriya who have higher non-verbal IQ than Brahmins followed by SCs.

Rather the difference between Vaishyas and Brahmins on non-verbal IQ tests (as per IQ research) is same as the difference between Brahmins and Scheduled Castes.



Secondly, the differences among Indian castes is estimated to be less than 3 IQ points on non-verbal IQ tests.

However on verbal IQ tests, the difference is 11 IQ points.

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Majumdar, P. K., and Nundi, P. C. (1971)

 http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/1974-10149-001

 “Compared scores of 2 geographically separated Bengali-speaking groups of schoolchildren, grades IX-XI, on Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices. 2,836 Ss from Calcutta and 2,100 Ss from Agartala were tested. Ss from Calcutta were superior to those from Agartala by an average of 7 points.”

 People in North East have a lower IQ by 7 points than West Bengal.

 Note that this is an IQ map based on IQ data available. As IQ data available on Indian states is very small, the map should not be used for extrapolating or analysis.



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